diff --git a/api/derive.ts b/api/derive.ts
index 82b848e..9c5cf83 100644
--- a/api/derive.ts
+++ b/api/derive.ts
@@ -164,6 +164,9 @@ const THUMB_MAX_WIDTH = 640;
  */
 const SQUARE_TOLERANCE = 0.02;
 
+/** Where the drawing-or-photograph question is asked. See prefersLossless for why not smaller. */
+const PROBE_WIDTH = 480;
+
 /**
  * Is this a DRAWING rather than a photograph?
  *
@@ -191,8 +194,28 @@ const SQUARE_TOLERANCE = 0.02;
  *
  * Ties and failures go to lossy, which is the right default for a library that is mostly photographs.
  */
-async function prefersLossless(sourcePath: string, staging: string, email: string): Promise<boolean> {
-  const probe = LADDER[0]!;
+async function prefersLossless(
+  sourcePath: string,
+  staging: string,
+  email: string,
+  sourceWidth: number,
+): Promise<boolean> {
+  /*
+    Measured near the source's own size, NOT at the smallest rung.
+
+    The first attempt probed at 96 pixels and got the answer wrong on exactly the file it was written
+    for. Downscaling a logo to 96 resamples its flat areas into gradients, so by the time the probe
+    sees it, it already looks like a photograph — lossy wins the comparison, and that verdict is then
+    applied to every rung above, where the flat areas are still flat and lossless would have won by a
+    wide margin. fofos-logo-saffron came out with a 13,074-byte 160-pixel rung beside a 9,144-byte
+    300-pixel original.
+
+    480 rather than the full size: a picture is still recognisably itself at 480 — flat stays flat and
+    photographic stays photographic — and probing a 4000x6000 photograph losslessly to learn something
+    already obvious is minutes of encoding across a library. Anything smaller than 480 is probed at its
+    own size, which is the case that matters, because that is what a logo is.
+  */
+  const probe = Math.min(PROBE_WIDTH, sourceWidth);
   const lossyPath = join(staging, '.probe-lossy.webp');
   const losslessPath = join(staging, '.probe-lossless.webp');
 
@@ -554,7 +577,7 @@ async function buildImage(
     photograph want opposite encoders, and getting it wrong on a logo produced a smaller rung two and
     a half times the size of the original.
   */
-  const lossless = await prefersLossless(master, staging, email);
+  const lossless = await prefersLossless(master, staging, email, width);
 
   const variants: Variant[] = [];